Research Article

Journal of Clinical & Experimental Dermatology Research

Volumetric Eyebrow Lifting with the Aid of a New Hyaluronic Acid Dermal Filler (Intraline) and Upper Surgical Blepharoplasty; Enhancing Outcomes

Torres S*
Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery for Humanitas Clinic, Catania, Italy
*Corresponding author: Torres S, External consultant in Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery for Humanitas Clinic, Catania, Italy, Tel: +39 3928833702; 
E-mail: storres100@gmail.com

Received date: August 27, 2015; Accepted date: October 20, 2015; Published date: October 27, 2015
Copyright: © 2015 Torres. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

Periocular aging is characterized for a volumetric skeletonization of the orbit, eyebrow ptosis and dystrophic changes in the eyelids skin, such as blepharochalasis, dyschromia and elastosis. Frequently only part of this elements are addressed, with incomplete resolution of the inestetisms, unnatural results and unsatisfied patients. Private setting patients with wishes of periocular rejuvenation were given combined approach of volumetric eyebrow lifting with the aid of a new hyaluronic acid dermal filler (Intraline Canada Inc, Kelowna BC, Canada) and upper surgical blepharoplasty. Through this combined method both volumetric changes, ptosis and blepharochalasis were corrected, and results
in the short and medium term were satisfactory for both patients and surgeon

Keywords: Eyebrow; Surgical; Patients; Periocular

Introduction

Periorbital area is the principal facial feature as it takes most of the
attention at the eye of the beholder. Periocular changes are one of the
main features of facial aging. They are characterized by volumetric
variations around the orbit; mostly skeletonization or onset of fat bags
hypertrophy, eyebrow ptosis and dystrophic changes in the eyelids skin
such as blepharochalasis, dyschromia and elastosis. Medical
management with topical ointments are recommended to treat
dyschromia and elastosis. Aesthetic medicine corrections such as
botulinum toxin injections and dermal fillers have been traditionally
used for eyebrow lifting or skin dehydration. Surgical corrections such
as blepharoplasty and eyebrow lifting generally offer a long lasting
correction, but the latter is frequently associated with a more complex
and invasive surgery with greater swelling and downtime. All above
frequently determines partial resolution of the inestetisms, unnatural
results and unsatisfied patients.

Materials and Methods

Private setting patients with wishes of periocular rejuvenation were
recruited on a first come basis and proposed for a combined approach
of volumetric eyebrow liіing with the aid of a new hyaluronic acid
dermal filler (Intraline,Canada Inc, Kelowna BC, Canada) and surgical
blepharoplasty. A specific informed consent was designed to explain
the procedure in detail.

Exclusion criteria included prior medical or surgical treatment in
the area, severe brow ptosis and eyelid hooding and all general
contraindications for aesthetic surgery

Control groups of surgical blepharoplasty only or volumetric
eyebrow lifting only were taken from the private clinic database from
the last 2 years, to compare outcomes and satisfaction rates.

Preoperatory planning and pictures were taken and distance from intercanthal line to eyebrow zenith was established, prior to the corrections.

Local anesthesia and minor sedation was available for all procedures.

Volumetric lifting of eyebrow was planned first to achieve adequate
eyebrow height and allow correct skin removal assessment.

A new dermal filler, cross-linked hyaluronic acid, Intraline (Canada
Inc., Kelowna BC, Canada) was available for corrections with the aid of
a disposable 25 G Gems cannula (Tulip, California, USA).

Skin removal was performed secondary as needed. Fat removal was
limited to the minimum to avoid skeletonization of the orbit.

Objective brow height was measured 1 week and 1 month after the
procedure. Subjective patient compliance and satisfaction was
evaluated with a self-assessment scale at 24 h, 1 w, 1 m and 3 months.

Results

Fifteen consecutive private setting patients (10 females, 5 males) age
interval 42-69 with request of periorbital rejuvenation were operated
between March and August 2015.
Control groups of blepharoplasty alone and volumetric lifting alone
were extracted from the private clinic database from the last 2 years
and include 50 patients (36 females and 14 males) for the former and
18 patients (13 females and 5 males) for the latter. Both groups were
called for outcome evaluation and satisfaction rates measurements.

1 - Journal of Clinical & Experimental Dermatology Research​

Figure 1: Before combined periorbital rejuvenation

2 - Journal of Clinical & Experimental Dermatology Research​

Figure 2: After combined periorbital rejuvenation.

3 - Journal of Clinical & Experimental Dermatology Research​

Figures 3: Before combined periorbital rejuvenation.

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Figures 4: After combined periorbital rejuvenation

Нe combined procedure was explained to the selected group and proper informed consent was signed.

New hyaluronic acid dermal filler (Intraline, Canada Inc., Kelowna
BC, Canada) was used to perform volumetric eyebrow lifting, due to its
great biocompatibility and scarse post procedure edema. The
formulation of this new dermal filler through its proprietary
spherification technology, combines spherical particles easy to inject
that give natural and smooth results, with low level of hyaluronic acid
cross linking which grants higher biocompatibility and durable results.

Prior lidocaine local anesthesia small vesicle was perform on the
brow tail and a 25 G needle was used for skin penetration prior to the
introduction of a disposable 25 G Gems cannula (Tulip, California,
USA). The cannula allows a gentle and atraumatic advanced through
the tissues without damaging vital regional structures.

A media of 0.8 ml of product was necessary on each side to obtain
the desired result, at a preperiosteal plane. The product was delicately
placed while removing the cannula at three different layers; superior,
inferior and at the eyebrow line to potentiate the lifting effect.

The product was distributed specially on the medial and center
compartment of the brow and tapering was done towards the outer
area.

Dіer the correct brow height was achieved upper blepharoplasty
procedure was performed. Local anesthesia and minor sedation was
used in all cases. Skin removal was done as the only correction for the
majority. Minor fat pad removal was only performed in selected cases
(3) and was limited to a minimum to avoid skeletonization of the eye.
Wound closure was done with interrupted 6, 0 nylon sutures.

Average time for the whole procedure was 70 minutes. Average
upper blepharoplasty alone was 55 minutes. Average volumetric lifting
alone was 25 minutes. Post operatory medication with cryotherapy and
Anti-inflammatory drugs was given for 24-48 hrs. All sutures were
removed by the 5th day.

Swelling and healing time varied from 5 to 12 days for patients
taking blood clot altering drugs.

Brow height median elevation was 1.3 mm at the medial limbus, 1.2
mm at the medial canthus and 1.5 mm at the lateral canthus. These
values were comparable to the volumetric lifting only group, but were
significantly different from the isolated blepharoplasty group, in which
the brow level was maintained or lowered at 2 years’ time in 15% of the
cases.

Minor bruising and swelling was present in the first 48 hours. No
complications were reported. Patient compliance and satisfaction was
excellent at 24 h, 1 w, 1 m and 3 months, achieving higher values for
the majority of the parameters when compared with the isolated
corrections groups. Pre and post pictures are shown in Figures 1-4.

Discussion

Facial beauty is a combination of features that should be harmonic, defined, balanced, elevated/projected, symmetric, characteristic and with volumetric proportion to be appreciated and perceived as beautiful [1].

Periorbital area is recognized as the main facial trait as it takes most
of the attention at the eye of the beholder. Periocular changes are one
of the main features of facial aging. The are characterized by
volumetric variations around the orbit, skeletonization or onset of fat
bags hypertrophy, eyebrow ptosis and dystrophic changes in the eyelids
skin such as blepharochalasis, dyschromia and elastosis [2].

Different treatment options medical and surgical have been
proposed in literature. Medical management with topical ointments
with vitamin A derivate or chemical peels are recommended to take
care of dyschromia and elastosis [3]. Aesthetic medicine corrections
such as botulinum toxin injections and dermal fillers have been
traditionally used for eyebrow lifting or skin dehydration [4-7].
Surgical corrections such as blepharoplasty generally offer a long
lasting correction, but if used as the only treatment may cause further
brow ptosis or may be associated with eye skeletonization if too much
tissue (fat, muscle) are removed [8].
The causes of brow ptosis may be eyebrow fat pad atrophy or skin
changes (blepharochalasis, elastosis).When brow ptosis is identified,
surgical eyebrow lifting is recommended. Surgical options for this
region include the transblepharoplastic brow lift, the direct brow lift,
the temporal brow lift, the coronal brow lift and the endoscopic brow
lift [9-13]. All above are frequently associated with a more complex
and invasive surgery with greater swelling and downtime, minimum 15
days and the need of general anesthetics. The actual life rhythm has
cause that an important number of patients refuse to get a complete
surgical resolution of their inestetisms. In this manner partial
corrections are delivered being only some of the elements previously
described corrected. Partial resolution of the periorbital issues may
cause unnatural results and or unsatisfied patients and physicians.
For this reason we introduced this combined approach to periorbital
rejuvenation through aesthetic medicine and surgery that allows
patients to obtain a better overall result without extending much the
length of the primary surgery or the downtime for the patients.
Volumetric brow repositioning prior to upper surgical blepharoplasty
allows to remove an adequate quantity of redundant skin, without
compromising the aesthetic result. Proper patient selection is of prime
importance to achieve good results.
Volumetric brow lifting with Intraline dermal filler gave a good,
long lasting, safe and reproducible effect on the periorbital region that
when associated with surgical upper blepharoplasty enhanced the
overall aesthetic improvement for grater patient and physician satisfaction without lengthening the primary procedure significantly
and with a minimum healing time.

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